I worked with GM field engineering for years as a drivability and electrical technician. I know everything about cars. I would tell them a flashing ses light means to pay attention to the car, should be obvious, and stop as soon as possible. solid light is small-time worries. If it is not a designed to wear out part, leave it alone it is beyond your equipment to diagnose. I think basic electricity for battery charging systems is good to know, everyone has access to a DVOM or test light nowadays, bulb replacement and why we have grounds and their real function and effect. Brake systems, the mechanical hydraulic side. cooling systems, tires safety, tread wear, load ratings, tire ratings, air pressure vs load, speed ratings, and how to change safely. Practical for hands-on, still can do at home, but theory for understanding system operations without necessarily working on them but to be educated as to what is going on within the system so you have a foundation when you get to the garage. Break the car down into sub groups.
EDIT The guy above me has a bunch of great points.